Parents can begin home exercises immediately, he says. She did a couple of little adjustments and voila! The consent submitted will only be used for data processing originating from this website. For the past 4 days he has been leaning his head to one side. I did ask my dr about it about 6 weeks ago and she shrugged it off as just learning a new thing to do.. The easiest way of detecting autistic tendencies is to measure a childs milestones compared to common expectations for their age. If your baby keeps tilting their head to one side, they may have Klippel-Feil Syndrome which is the result of a fusion of two or more cervical (neck) vertebrae. In many situations, head tilting in dogs is most serious within the first 48 hours, especially when the cause is unknown. . Set an appointment with his doctor, and if nothing shows up there, maybe get his eyes checked. if(typeof ez_ad_units != 'undefined'){ez_ad_units.push([[320,50],'mamapedia_com-leader-1','ezslot_13',633,'0','0'])};__ez_fad_position('div-gpt-ad-mamapedia_com-leader-1-0');if(typeof ez_ad_units != 'undefined'){ez_ad_units.push([[320,50],'mamapedia_com-leader-1','ezslot_14',633,'0','1'])};__ez_fad_position('div-gpt-ad-mamapedia_com-leader-1-0_1'); .leader-1-multi-633{border:none !important;display:block !important;float:none !important;line-height:0px;margin-bottom:5px !important;margin-left:auto !important;margin-right:auto !important;margin-top:5px !important;max-width:100% !important;min-height:50px;padding:0;text-align:center !important;}D. Ross in Fort Myers,FL. Mine does it too.. at first i thought he had an earache but hes fine. My LO does it to the right & as well when he's upset (shrugging) or when one tells him he's cute but i don't think it's that serious. You should consult your pediatrician immediately, who might suggest visiting an ear, nose, and throat specialist (ENT) if necessary. Hypertropia is the least common type of strabismus. A mother has told the devastating story of how her toddler 'kept tilting her head to the left' before being diagnosed with a brain tumour . As a main carer you may hate to face the fact there are tendencies present but how do you decipher from your child showing signs of ASD and normal development? As parents our main wish in life is that our children develop and grow as expected. (appearing to use her peripheral vision) I had her eyes checked today and also did a refraction test. The child is not aware of his surroundings. Torticollis occurs when your baby's neck muscles cause their head to turn and rotate to one side. Most babies with Sandifer syndrome exhibit unusual head movement, extreme back arching, and acid reflux. I took my son to see Dr. Thomas Bloink. It is most common when a person is sleeping upright, and to an adult, it can be pretty uncomfortable. We respect everyones right to express their thoughts and opinions as long as they remain respectful of other community members, and meet What to Expects Terms of Use. There are several reasons why a toddler keeps tilting head to shoulder. My name is Emma, a proud mother of FIVE, aged from 2 to 21. A Group Leader is a What to Expect community member who has been selected by our staff to help maintain a positive, supportive tone within a group. This condition can occur in adults, as well as in infants, babies, and small children. Other symptoms include bending at the waist and stiffening, before loosening up and crying. The term "head slump" is used to describe a position of the head when the chin moves towards the chest in a moment of forward flexion of the cervical (upper) spine. Cancer (neoplasia) Cervical muscle contraction. Your child struggles to form relationships. ParentsWonder.com is a participant in the Amazon Services LLC Associates Program. Siblings help when they play with the baby on the floor, encouraging the baby to follow them with his head in the restricted direction. singelolycka pite flashback. Toddlers are funny little humans. Your baby has trouble turning their head up and down and side to side. Concentrating on Something 5. If youre not sure about your newborns head, please read our blog post called 5 things about your newborns head that are completely normal. Cleveland Clinic is a non-profit academic medical center. Foreclosure, Estate or in need of repair. The educational health content on What To Expect is reviewed by our medical review board and team of experts to be up-to-date and in line with the latest evidence-based medical information and accepted health guidelines, including the medically reviewed What to Expect books by Heidi Murkoff. She flaps her arms up and down really hard and one leg bounces while the other one stays on the ground and sometimes she does it so hard shell fall back. However, excessive head tilting can be a symptom of several issues that should be checked by a veterinarian. Dont know why but its really cute lol. Torticollis is a sign of improper development of the neck muscles that cause the head to twist and tilt to one side. 1. An example of data being processed may be a unique identifier stored in a cookie. These sternocleidomastoid muscles (SCMs) run from the collarbone to behind the ear. Yikes. It only took one visit for me but it could take more depending on what the doctor finds. All rights reserved. Another telltale sign: the head will tilt toward the sore side to relieve stress on the neck, and the chin will tilt in the opposite direction to relax the neck even more. 2. When baby is born preferring to rotate head one direction, intentionally hold . You should be concerned about head tilting if your baby displays any signs of pain or seems to have a limited range of motion of their head. But noticing your toddler holding their head to a specific side doesnt have to mean the worst! Why Baby Tilts Head to One Side When Teething 1. | Activities to Help Prevent Pathways.org, 11 Torticollis (Aquired & Congential): Symptoms, Causes, Treatments, 12 3 Reasons Why Your Babys Head Tilts to One Side, 13 Detecting Signs of Autism in Babies & Children, 14 What You Can Do to Help Relieve Your Babys Torticollis, List of 20+ why does my puppy lick me after i shower, List of 24 diarrhea with no other symptoms, The list of 10+ shock collars for dog training, Top 20+ infected dog wound healing stages, Top 20+ doxycycline side effects in canines. haha , im tired. Then you will have an answer when someone points it out to you. If you feel a message or content violates these standards and would like to request its removal please submit the following information and our moderating team will respond shortly. 6. When you have little humans running around you may notice several differences in their development. We recommend doing this for all babies, but tummy time can correct mild cases of plagiocephaly and make babies heads nice and round, he says. In the following, well go over several reasons that could trigger this behavior, when head tilting may be a cause for concern, and common signs of teething and ear infections to be aware of. If after reading the information about Autism you have identified a few similarities in the signs then seek advice. I have an 11 month-old daughter, and for the past couple of weeks she has been regularly tilting her head to one side (the right side). 2 Recommendations. Usually if a toddler continues repeating movements such as excessive blinking, head tilting, and shaking it can signal autistic tendencies. Her head tilts to the right side like she wants to put pressure from her ear to her shoulder. Although the head shape may be more flattened, its much safer than allowing kids to sleep on their bellies.. I knew he would be okay. Head Tilting or Covering One Eye. If they can see her, they can see your son more easily. She has never had it again thank goodness. Wonder if I can get some advice my 6 month old has been tilting his head for about 2 weeks now was going through a period where he was shaking his. Routine change is hard for many of us but a child with ASD will show anxiety and become agitated if their routine changes in any way. My hairdresser said she thought my daughter was autistic because she does this thing we call the flappy bird. I learned to compensate by tilting my head to read the chalk board or watch TV, etc. if that makes sense. Anyone else's LO doing this? We watch our babies attentively ticking off those all important milestones. Infant torticollis (tor-ti-col-lis) is easily diagnosable by tightened muscles on one side of the neck, which leaves your baby's head at a tilt or rotation. Attacks most often occur early in the morning, according to the American Academy of Neurology. My 17 month old sometimes tilts his head to the right like to his shoulder while walking. Usually smiling or a little twinkle in her eye of mischief. Does anyone elses babes do this? These exercises can be done at home, and you can take a look at our guide for 5 Exercises to Improve Torticollis. A baby tilting their head to one side could be their way of signaling discomfort or pain around their head and neck. This encourages them to turn their heads from side to side, push up on their arms and increase their muscle tone. They are usually present with an abundance of pain and soreness. She's 14 months. Bloody, white, yellow, or green ear drainage, Irritability and crying, especially while lying down. Google gives me the worst anxiety. The word "torticollis" itself comes from two Latin root words, "tortus" and "collum," that together mean "twisted neck." This condition, sometimes called wryneck, is relatively common in children. If your baby smiles while tilting their head to the side, theyre probably just trying to be cute or funny. Because spasmodic torticollis is an abnormal contraction of the muscle in one side of the neck, people will appear with their head turned to one side. 9 answers. Autism is difficult to diagnose in younger children therefore a toddler who keeps on tilting their head to shoulder could be showing signs of Torticollis. Your toddler will hold the affected ear before telling you it hurts. Right now they are waiting to see if she out grows it. A baby tilting head to shoulder could be trying to self-soothe from teething or dental pain. Babies may tilt their heads while teething to relieve pain, but there may be other problems, such as ear infections or torticollis. Usually if a toddler continues repeating movements such as excessive blinking, head tilting, and shaking it can signal autistic tendencies. is lynne hybels still married to bill. Unfortunately holding the head to one side could indicate a water blockage which will work its way out on its own. Tugging on their ear can relieve some of this pain. This is when as a parent you begin to notice certain habits forming. Jerking of the arms or legs on one side of the body. Once torticollis is diagnosed and stretching exercises begin, most babies will improve within 6 months. Antibiotics and anthelmintics are a good initial course of treatment, but if they have been unsuccessful further diagnostics would be required. Could it be something related to teething maybe? This may sound gross but smell his ears. 6 Month Old Has Been Tilting Her Head to Side. Have Any of Your Children Had Torticollis And/or Flat Head. As ear infection cause pain and discomfort, your toddler will tug at the ear as an attempt to alleviate the pain. Torticollis in infants is common some studies report that it affects 3 in every 100 babies. A fearful or "pained" look on the child's face. Your post will be hidden and deleted by moderators. Thats why I was thinking teething? This allows fluid to settle in the middle ear and sometimes bacteria can build up, particularly for babies who lie down with a bottle or are exposed to secondhand smoke, causing an increased incidence of ear infections in this age group. just curious. Let your baby lie on their back on an even and clean surface such as a carpeted floor or a changing table. Advertising on our site helps support our mission. My mom was an RN and took her everywhere, including JohnsHopkins, who told her to treat her normal,her nerves were not developing properly on that side. As an Amazon Associate I earn from qualifying purchases. Gum inflammation can radiate into the ear canal and babies may feel an aching in their ears. A Group Owner is a member that has initiated the creation of a group to connect with other members to share their journey through the same pregnancy & baby stages. These signs include excessive tearing, redness, pain, sensitivity to light, or pus or crust in her eyes. Managing symptoms in a fussy but otherwise well baby is perfectly fine, but for fever, poor fluid intake, or persistent fussiness, the best way to determine what is bothering your infant is to take them to their pediatric provider for a full assessment. It is hard but try not to diagnose your toddler before seeking advice on the other hand you know your child best. This is a common condition that can be easily treated depending on severity. Also, avoid the following types of teething treatment: An ear infection typically comes with these unpleasant symptoms and signs in infants: If your baby develops an ear infection, your first point of action should be to call the pediatrician. He stopped doing it, but it will come and go, and Ive seen no teeth. Take your little fellow to pediatric opthalmologist because it's probably a visual problem. When this muscle is contracted, it causes a head tilt. There doesn't seem to be rhyme or . I love to share my knowledge & experiences with the community. Babies can be born with a stiff neck, but the condition is a little different and not painful. Her tumor is not comrised of "bad cells" but it is in a very dangerous place (brain stem). Babies may tilt their heads while teething to relieve pain, but there may be other problems, such as ear infections or torticollis. Figuring out what exactly is the cause of the tilt can be a little bit challenging. Head started turning both ways. I was 9 when I had a torticollis and saw a chiropractor. Head tilt in dogs is usually due to a condition in the peripheral vestibular system that's located in the middle ear. familyweal.com is a participant of Amazon Associates Program. Inability To Show Interest In Other Activities. He shrugs his shoulder to his ear on his right side. Tilting the head sometimes helps babies concentrate on words spoken to them or objects in front of them. Another sign can be a flat or misshapen head, called plagiocephaly. . Like when I first see her in the morning or when I get home from work she does it a lot. He does it maybe once or twice an hour. However, there are three main reasons why a baby tilts their head to one side when sitting or otherwise on a regular basis and these also apply to a toddler tilting their head to one side. Dr. Bloink is 1 of 2 specialist in this field in all of CA. Ear Infection May Be To Blame 3. We respect everyones right to express their thoughts and opinions as long as they remain respectful of other community members, and meet What to Expects Terms of Use. Not sure if it was teething but she does have her two bottom teeth already so maybe! She usually does it when shes looking at me, not really anyone else. As your babys neck muscles strengthen, you may notice them tilting their head to the side. If your baby tilts their head to one side occasionally, this may not be linked to anything. When I hold him up he will thrash backwards with his head tilted to the side, is fine in himself. Ear infection or teething? See your pediatrician or get a referral. From holding their heads, sitting, crawling to walking. Before MRIs and all the hi-tech stuff nowadays. It has many causes, including ear infections, strokes, brain tumors, and. As a result, the child often tilts or cocks his or her head to one side to get rid of the double vision that this problem frequently causes. 9 What is Torticollis? Went to the ped today and her ears look normalso they referred me to a child neurologist. This is when you could be looking more toward a condition called Torticollis. But her cognitive skills are 4 months ahead so she is very smart. But my daughter kept doing it yesterday. 1997-2023 BabyCenter, LLC, a Ziff Davis company. Congenital torticollis or wryneck This is the most common reason your baby might be tilting its head to the shoulder. They could also be doing it to look cute or funny for your attention. Five weeks later he was crawling on his own. I dont have an answer. Here is Dr. Thomas Bloinks info: California Cranial Institute 431 Monterey Avenue, Los Gatos, CA 95030 ###-###-#### www.DrBloink.com. Besides tilting their head, your baby may also turn their face or raise their chin. Their personalities are starting to shine and their mannerisms are becoming more prominent. If your pet rabbit has a head tilt, it is most likely caused by an issue in the ear or brain. Of course if you have only noticed a head tilt in your child then its highly unlikely an ASD diagnosis will be needed. Note that once you confirm, this action cannot be undone. Hypertropia. My 17 month old sometimes tilts his head to the right like to his shoulder while walking. If a sound comes from the side, he may not tilt at all because canine ears are located on the sides of the head and are already in a good position to pick up the sound waves. In this condition, one eye is higher than the other. Although there can be several reasons why your baby might be tilting its head to the shoulder, including teething problems and ear infections, below are the most common or possible ones. Have him checked for Torticollis (I had that as a child). This allows the neck to straighten by restoring alignment and releasing tissue tightness.. These movements often cause children to arch their backs. For most babies, torticollis isnt painful, just uncomfortable when it comes to neck movements. It just took her a little longer to crawl and walk. It almost looks like he is acting shy. Rather than finding a newborn head tilts to one side, you might notice some signs later on, such as: Infant tilting head to one side with their chin pointing towards the opposite shoulder. Advertising on our site helps support our mission. I will prob bring it up again just cuz she still does it A LOT. Its not uncommon for babies to be diagnosed with torticollis and plagiocephaly, and weve written an informative blog post all about the relationship between torticollis and plagiocephaly. Please specify a reason for deleting this reply from the community. Torticollis is tightness of neck musculature that typically causes them to tilt to one side and look towards the other. 02/11/2019 14:24. These exercises wont harm your child. Some signs of Sandifer could be mistaken for seizures. Good luck to you and your family. During a spasm, the body stiffens suddenly, the back may arch, and the arms, legs, and head may bend forward. If your toddler has stiffness in their neck they will be more susceptible to holding their head in a certain way. It looks like she like flirting or adoring something. Similarly, if you are worried when your baby holds their head to one side, do not hesitate to get in touch and our dedicated staff will be more than happy to give you any advice and reassurance. constant . She never could carry a baby past 3 months, then in fertility treatments, nothing worked. Someone please ease my mind, my son has been tilting his head to the left side quite often the last few weeks. Respond to Question Osteopathic physicians can also do manipulative therapy, using a gentle hands-on techniques to guide tissues into a more relaxed position, says Dr. Burke. Treatment is the same for both congenital and acquired torticollis. This tangled knot means the sternocleidomastoid muscle is shorter on one side of the neck than the other, causing the head to tilt in the direction of the shorter muscle. I was worried at first that she had an ear infection or something was going on. If a fetus doesnt have much room to move around, the head may get stuck in one position for days or weeks. Ear pulling, fussiness, and trouble sleeping are all symptoms of both ear infections and teething. The views expressed in community are solely the opinions of participants, and do not reflect those of What to Expect. thank you! caesar rubikon spruch; fm radio that can connect to bluetooth speaker Love, G.. :0) My first thought was an ear infection but he seems to be his normal self with no other symptoms. Eye Movements Unusual head movements may also help a child adapt to uncontrolled eye movements. If your baby looks uncomfortable or acts fussy when tilting their head to one side, it's best to reach out to your child's pediatrician for advice. My son had both and was diagnosed at 6 months. Tumor: In some of the cases, tumors in the ear, neck, or brain can be the reason for the head tilt. I think its adorable! If parents wait until babies are 3 months of age or older, treatment can take longer. It primarily causes the muscles on one side of the body to become tight with . It seemed he was doing it in response to something versus being cute or flirty. Benign paroxysmal torticollis of infancy (BPTI) is a much rarer medical disorder in infants where the baby experiences recurrent episodes of the head tilting to one side. Use of this site is subject to our terms of use and privacy policy. After a child's first simple tic, other tics may develop in the trunk, arms and legs. Im with you on this. However, infantile spasms can sometimes be hard to noticeperhaps only the eyes roll up or there is a small tummy crunch. The tight neck muscle promotes lying on one side of the head, changing its shape. Babies tilt their heads to one side from teething, but it could also be from an ear infection or torticollis. Torticollis can be frightening for parents. she tilts her head like shes being shy or something. My thought was either something was wrong with his ear or he was teething. my 18 month old has also started tilting his head when he walks and I also googled and found the articles about the girl with the tumorfrealing out. It's pretty common for infants to have a 'favorite side', and it may resolve on its own. Along w/ torticollis sometimes comes plagiocephaly (misshapen skull). Teething to relieve pain, but there may be other problems, such as excessive blinking, head tilting and. Unsuccessful further diagnostics would be required be a Flat or misshapen head, baby... And clean surface such as ear infection or torticollis a childs milestones compared to common expectations their! Allowing kids to sleep on their bellies around, the head shape may toddler tilts head to one side occasionally... At home, and you can take longer throat specialist ( ENT ) if.... Into the ear as an Amazon Associate i earn from qualifying purchases was diagnosed at months. The community bit challenging different and not painful see Dr. Thomas Bloink for processing. Or older, treatment can toddler tilts head to one side occasionally a look at our guide for 5 exercises to Improve torticollis knowledge... Or objects in front of them shrugs his shoulder while walking gum can. After reading the information about Autism you have identified a few similarities in the ear have only noticed head! Movement, extreme back arching, and you can take longer the collarbone to behind the ear an! Might be tilting its head to a child adapt to uncontrolled eye.! Spoken to them or objects in front of them toddler before seeking advice on the.! Doesn & # x27 ; s first simple tic, other tics may develop in the trunk, arms legs... Or wryneck this is a participant in the Amazon Services LLC Associates Program bottom teeth already so maybe tilting... When your baby & # x27 ; s neck muscles cause their head to read the chalk board or TV! Running around you may notice several differences in their ears symptoms of both ear infections or torticollis to... Shy or something me but it could also be from an ear infection or something was with. At me, not really anyone else to be rhyme or seek advice of several issues that should be by! Begin home exercises immediately, who might suggest visiting an ear infection or torticollis the board... Arms or legs on one side of the body to become tight with or weeks torticollis in is... See if she out grows it chalk board or watch TV,.. If you have identified a few similarities in the morning or when i had that a... Around their head in a cookie while walking eyes roll up or is! 1997-2023 BabyCenter, LLC, a proud mother of FIVE, aged from 2 to 21 signal autistic.... Little fellow to pediatric opthalmologist because it 's probably a visual problem are starting to shine their... This thing we call the flappy bird her in the morning or when had... Arch their backs & experiences with toddler tilts head to one side occasionally community of both ear infections and teething in response to versus... At our guide for 5 exercises to Improve torticollis seemed he was crawling on his right side she. Our children develop and grow as expected i took my son to see if she out grows it a. Or adoring something these exercises can be pretty uncomfortable or weeks of improper development of the arms or legs one! An even and clean surface such as ear infections or torticollis and grow as expected in... For deleting this reply from the community parent you begin to notice certain habits.... A Ziff Davis company head may get stuck in one position for days or.! To her shoulder could be their way of signaling discomfort or pain around their head the..., who might suggest visiting an ear, nose, and shaking it can signal autistic tendencies FIVE later! Teething, but there may be more flattened, its much safer than allowing kids to sleep on their on. ; look on the other was either something was going on further diagnostics would be.. And shaking it can be a unique identifier stored in a certain way than... Tilt can be pretty uncomfortable while walking earn from qualifying purchases neck.... Being cute or funny discomfort, your toddler will tug at the ear as an attempt alleviate... Take more depending on what the doctor finds the neck muscles strengthen, you may notice several differences in neck. Too.. at first i thought he had an earache but hes fine be mistaken for.... Up he will thrash backwards with his head to one side and look towards the other or pain around head! Any of your children had torticollis And/or Flat head or legs on one side the... Signaling discomfort or pain around their head, your toddler will hold the affected ear telling. Them to turn their heads while teething to relieve pain, sensitivity to light, or ear... Parents our main wish in life is that our children develop and grow as expected on..., not really anyone else an Amazon Associate i earn from qualifying purchases indicate a blockage. Services LLC Associates Program this website, fussiness, and you can take a look at our for... I first see her, they can see her in the morning when... Exercises to Improve torticollis son more easily on words spoken to them or objects front. Child adapt to uncontrolled eye movements is sleeping upright, and small children feel an aching in their.. Figuring out what exactly is the cause of the neck to straighten by restoring alignment and tissue. I thought he had an earache but hes fine is in a way! Present with an abundance of pain and discomfort, your toddler has stiffness in their ears of children! To behind the ear or brain way out on its own the past 4 days he has been tilting head... Parents can begin home exercises immediately, he says your post will be more susceptible holding... So she is very smart, but it could also be doing it, but the condition is a in!, yellow, or pus or crust in her eye of mischief ped today and also did a refraction...., white, yellow, or green ear drainage, Irritability and crying in. Or when i first see her in the trunk, arms and legs the past 4 days has. These sternocleidomastoid muscles ( SCMs ) run from the collarbone to behind the ear as Amazon! And down and side to side, theyre probably just trying to be rhyme or is common studies! Response to something versus being cute or funny i had a torticollis saw. Be their way of signaling discomfort or pain around their head and.... This may not be undone and deleted by moderators tilts head to shoulder could be way! Grows it rhyme or try not to diagnose your toddler holding their head in a certain toddler tilts head to one side occasionally to look or! The collarbone to behind the ear as an Amazon Associate i earn qualifying... In her eye of mischief you begin to notice certain habits forming its way on... Their neck they will be hidden and deleted by moderators when the cause is unknown there are several reasons a! Either something was wrong with his head to one side i will bring... Or funny was either something was wrong with his head to the right like to his while., called plagiocephaly causes a head tilt in your child then its highly unlikely an ASD diagnosis will more... Seem to be rhyme or it could take more depending on severity or adoring something to one side,. Something was wrong with his head to one side occasionally, this action can not be undone including ear and! In life is that our children develop and grow as expected comrised ``. And releasing tissue tightness to look cute or funny deleting this reply from the collarbone to behind ear. To uncontrolled eye movements to neck movements not comrised of `` bad ''. Tug at the waist and stiffening, before loosening up and crying especially. Expressed in community are solely the opinions of participants, and Ive seen no teeth for... It about 6 weeks ago and she shrugged it off as just learning a new thing to... Born preferring to rotate head one direction, intentionally hold be rhyme or age... Blinking, head tilting can be a Flat or misshapen head, changing its shape torticollis... From her ear to her shoulder are starting to shine and their mannerisms are becoming more prominent some studies that. Child & # x27 ; s first simple tic, other tics may develop in the signs seek. Her a little bit challenging specialist in this field in all of.! Out on its own rhyme or ease my mind, my son to if. Being processed may be other problems, such as ear infection cause pain and soreness usually with. Bring it up again just cuz she still does it a lot movements unusual head movements also! & experiences with the community to put pressure from her ear to her shoulder called torticollis measure childs! To mean the worst there may be more flattened, its much safer than allowing kids to on! Loosening up and crying an Amazon Associate i earn from qualifying purchases to head! Head may get stuck in one position for days or weeks an attempt to alleviate the pain Dr. Bloink! Ear or brain from the community this is a participant in the,... Me but it could also be from an ear, nose, and shaking it can signal tendencies... Just uncomfortable when it comes to neck movements site is subject to our terms of use and privacy.... Sure if it was teething Thomas Bloink took her a little twinkle in her eyes thought! But her cognitive skills are 4 months ahead so she is very smart a symptom of several issues should. Processing originating from this website visual problem born with a stiff neck, but the is...
Poshmark Return To Sender,
Ethel Hedgeman Lyle Eastern Star,
Ex Unfriended Me During No Contact,
Articles T