Because you pipetted 50 mL of water, the value of "mL sample" in this case would be 50. On the other end of the pH scale, water that has a pH greater than 8.0 can be difficult to disinfect. Measuring suspended solids requires calibration to the actual sample to optimize the compensation for the particle size and shape typical at the measuring site. Join the discussion in our Facebook Group! TDS determines the contaminant levels. LEARN MORE ABOUT WATER QUALITY CHEMISTRIES. Click herefor a quick tutorial on how to use the TDS calculator. Total suspended solids (TSS), harmful in excess and listed as a conventional pollutant in the Clean Water Act, can indicate the quality of any water specimen, from ocean water to wastewater. I dont have a lot knowledge in chemistry. TDS determines the contaminant levels. The TDS and the electrical conductivity are in a close If the total dissolved solids are too low, it is possible that the water may be corrosive to metal piping and fixtures and therefore have a bitter or off-taste because of corrosion byproducts. It would also suggest that there are many ions that are above the Primary or Secondary Drinking Water Standards, such as an elevated level of nitrate, arsenic, aluminum, copper, lead, etc. Note how much the water level has risen. The curves that define relationship between the measured conductivity are user selectable total dissolved solid (TDS) units of NaCl, KCl or 442 are programmed into smart digital HiQDT MODBUS RTU conductivity sensors with full range of 0 to 100,000 ppm. Treatment processes for source water vary widely depending on the source itself, as well as the impurities of the source water. Dissolved solids can produce hard water, which leaves deposits and films on fixtures, and on the insides of hot water pipes and boilers. Instruments feature self-cleaning options and unique technology to improve the precision and accuracy of measurements as well as options for use within hazardous zones. The stainless steel sensor is durable and resists The Canadian guideline for TDS is less than 500 milligrams per litre (which is the same as 500 parts per million). Determine the TDS is mainly used in the studies of water quality in the natural bodies of water, including surface and ground sources. This temperature range is important to ensure that no water content is measured and volatile solids are not driven off. In the physical sense, the specific conductance of water is the reciprocal of the electrical resistance of water at a temperature of 25, located between two electrodes with a surface of 1 cm, the distance between which is 1 cm. In scientific terms, water hardness is generally the amount of dissolved calcium and magnesium in water. Learn a lot more about water hardness Send us jokes related to water or science for our Funny Friday posts on Facebook. These observations can be readily apparent or can be observed as they change over time. The water in the Prairie provinces tends to have high levels of dissolved solids, because of high amounts of calcium and magnesium in the ground. TDS is made up of inorganic salts, as well as a small amount of organic matter. Last Updated: November 20, 2022 A 99% rejection rate, for example, implies that the water from your RO system contains 99% less TDS than the water coming into the system. If there is a big discrepancy, it would suggest that some significant ion was not measured or there was a mistake in the calculation of the amount of something. https://www.safewater.org/fact-sheets-1/2017/1/23/tds-and-ph References. TDS is measured by weighing the water, heating it to a Water quality variables such as conductivity (EC) and total dissolved solids (TDS) can be used to calculate salt concentration. Many varieties of fish and aquatic life are extremely sensitive to changes in water temperature and composition. Conversion for units used to measure salinity: For example, aluminium, lead and mercury are potentially dangerous substances, but when the pH of the water source is already low, these substances can have extremely detrimental consequences for aquatic life. You can think of conductivity basically as the inverse of electrical resistance offered by a liquid to the flow of current. WebThe Langelier Saturation Index (LSI) This is a commonly used index in the water utility industry. For Baseline Testing, we recommend that you use Certified Testing. Water with a TDS of less than 500 mg/L meets the Environmental Protection Agency's standards for drinking water. Some states have established this as a drinking water standard. It is recommended to prepare or condition the filters per Standard Methods 2540 D requirements. Privacy Policy | Cookie Notice | |Do Not Sell or Share My Data, Solids-Volatile Dissolved & Fixed Dissolved, Trihalomethane Formation Potential (THMFP), Self-manage supplies, maintenance kits, items recurring basis, See available workshops, digital and personalized training. USGS Wtr. In most cases a project that needs certified testing for total dissolved solids will likely need to conduct testing for the specific cations and anions that are contributing to the total dissolved solids concentration of the water. Water can be classified by the level of total dissolved solids (TDS) in the water:Fresh water: TDS is less than 1,000 ppmBrackish water: TDS = 1,000 to 10,000 ppmSaline water: TDS = 10,000 to 35,000 ppmHypersaline: TDS greater than 35,000 ppm pH and TDS Meters are available from SDWF. TDS in drinking water can originate from natural sources, urban run-off, municipal and industrial waste, chemicals used in treating water and the actual plumbing infrastructure. WebTotal Dissolved Solids Daily Average Daily Maximum If TDS limits are necessary or there are concerns about chloride, additional screening can be performed for chloride. This can be caused by interferences such as color, particle shape, distribution and light absorption. The non-preweighed glass fiber filters are not pre-washed. WebThe Calculator is a refinement of the default EPA method used to calculate particulate matter emissions from these wet cooling towers due to water droplets escaping. The rejection rate is the amount of the TDS eliminated by the permeable membranes in your reverse osmosis system. The relationship between total dissolved solids and conductivity is a function of the type and nature of the dissolved cations and anions in the water and possibly the nature of any suspended materials. At the same time, when giving the value of the TDS obtained by the method of measuring the electrical conductivity, it is necessary to mention the used conversion factor. World Health Organization, Geneva, 1996. Suspended solids instruments from Hachprovide solutions for measuring solids and turbidity in standard drinking water, wastewater and industrial process applications. If Yes, you may have a problem. WebThe Pro30 provides everything you need in a handheld meter that measures salinity, conductivity, specific conductance, total dissolved solids, and temperature. This can only be done by getting a comprehensive water quality test. When water is poured through a pre-weighed filter, the particulate matter that remains after the filter dries is classified as TSS. m. WebThe solids content of very dilute solutions such as condensate may be calculated with a factor of 0.5-0.6 ppm of dissolved solids per microsiemens (micromho) of specific conductance. The stainless steel sensor is durable and resists These minerals can also come from human activities. wikiHow is a wiki, similar to Wikipedia, which means that many of our articles are co-written by multiple authors. Therefore, the total dissolved solids test is used as an indicator test to determine the general quality of the water. When the particulate makeup of the sample changes, the light scattering characteristics of the sample may change in an unpredictable way. If it is an aesthetic problem, do not boil the water - this can make the situation worse. To access more information on these and other educational activities, as well as additional fact sheets, visit the Safe Drinking Water Foundation website at www.safewater.org.Did you find this information useful? Most people think of TDS as being an aesthetic factor. In the United States, elevated TDS has been due to natural environmental features such as mineral springs, carbonate deposits, salt deposits, and sea water intrusion, but other sources may include: salts used for road de-icing, anti-skid materials, drinking water treatment chemicals, stormwater, and agricultural runoff, as well as point/non-point wastewater discharges. By utilizing a lab, you have the assurance that a certified water expert had analyzed your water sample. In general, a TDS of less than 50 mg/L should raise a concern for a potential corrosion problem, a TDS of over 250 mg/L should raise a concern about the hardness, iron, manganese, alkalinity, chloride, sulfate, nitrate, and general salt content, and over 500 mg/L should raise a concern about other salts (bromide, lithium, aluminum, other metals, and the scale forming potential of the water). An elevated total dissolved solids (TDS) concentration is not a health hazard. Reverse osmosis removes virtually all dissolved substances, including many harmful minerals, such as salt and lead. Pure water would have a pH of 7.0, but water sources and precipitation tends to be slightly acidic, due to contaminants that are in the water. In the environment, many plants and animals are harmed, or even killed, as a result of acidification. This calculator calculates the total dissolved solids (tds) using electrical conductivity, correlation factor values. This type of measurement provides an actual dry weight of suspended solids, so water quality professionals often pair TSS measurement with their standard turbidity measurements to develop site-specific correlations that can help create time-saving efficiencies. The water has a salty taste, actually makes you more dehydrated, and, with long-term consumption, you get sick and then die. When the carbon dioxide mixes with the water, a weak carbonic acid is formed; this can then cause the pH of the water body to decrease. Siemens is the reciprocal of resistance for conductivity. You may see ads that are less relevant to you. A high TDS does not necessarily mean that water is unsafe for consumption; it may just suggest that the water will have unpleasant aesthetic qualities in terms of color, taste, smell, etc. 1473, Washington, D.C. (2nd ed. This is a great question: what are total dissolved solids that are in your drinking water or water? The United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), which is responsible for drinking water regulations in the United States, includes TDS as a secondary standard, meaning that it is a voluntary guideline in the United States. Contact Us, Try Our Level 1 Drinking Water Self-Diagnostic Tool. We use cookies to make wikiHow great. Since water contains both dissolved as well as For aesthetic reasons, the EPA has set a secondary drinking water standard of < 500 mg/L (milligrams per liter) . For reservoir engineering calculations, it is considered equivalent to specific gravity . Total Dissolved Solids can be measured in the field using an electronic pen. To create this article, 17 people, some anonymous, worked to edit and improve it over time. The total concentration of dissolved constituents in water is routinely quantified by measurements of salinity or total dissolved solids (TDS). Health criteria and other supporting information. The only way to effectively treat or deal with a concern about total dissolved solids is to know the source and the cause of the contamination. The lower the S value, the purer the water, with 0 S being pure, unpolluted H20. Agricultural and urban runoff can carry excess minerals into water sources, as can wastewater discharges, industrial wastewater and salt that is used to de-ice roads. Although suspended solids will cause turbidity, a turbidity measurement is not the same as a measurement of suspended solids. One detector is located at a 90 beam scatter to measure turbidity and the other detector is located 140 from the beam as a back-scatter reference. TDS = 1.1 10 6 ( - 1) (1) where. Cations are positively charged ions and anions are negatively charged ions. Once you have a result from your meter, plug that value into the formula: Total dissolved solids equals correlation factor times conductivity or TDS = KE EC. , Water salinity tolerance of different crops and stock, Everyone who receives the link will be able to view this calculation, Copyright PlanetCalc Version: Water with a low pH is said to be acidic, and water with a high pH is basic, or alkaline. Common inorganic salts that can be found in water include calcium, magnesium, potassium and sodium, which are all cations, and carbonates, nitrates, bicarbonates, chlorides and sulfates, which are all anions. Ideally, the sample should be at 25 C (or 77 F) at the time of analysis. If you are thinking of using these devices for a project, we would recommend purchasing a conductivity pen which measures the conductivity of the water and getting a laboratory test done to KNOW the ratio of TDS to Conductivity that should be used as a correction factor. The pH scale, as shown below, ranges from 0 to 14, with 7.0 being neutral. Total dissolved solids (TDS) comprise inorganic salts, principally calcium, magnesium, potassium, sodium, bicarbonates, chlorides, and sulfates and some small amounts of organic matter that are dissolved in water. I need to calculate total dissolved solids (TDS) of various groundwater samples from chemical analyzes. While TDS is not considered a primary pollutant, it is an indicator of water quality. Even in these cases, many samples do not exhibit a linear relationship between suspended solids (ppm) and turbidity value (NTU). High purity water is essential for power production. The measurement of total dissolved solids does not indicate that there is specific health risk or threat, but it can be used to provide insight into the status or the water over time and as a warning sign of a potential problem. However, since the Canadian guidelines are not enforceable, each province is free to choose whether or not they will follow the guidelines. Sply. (Graph) Conductivity is the ability of water to carry a charge, which is a function of the amount and type of ions dissolved in the water. Operation Water Spirit presents a First Nations perspective of water and the surrounding issues; it is designed for Native Studies or Social Studies classes. Total solids are dissolved solids plus suspended and settleable solids in water. There are a number of different uses for TDS: it can measure pollution levels in lakes and rivers or mineral levels in drinking water, for example, and also has agricultural applications in irrigation. As well, high amounts of dissolved solids can stain household fixtures, corrode pipes, and have a metallic taste. Answer our self-diagnosis questionnaire from your observations to get an initial diagnosis. Should equal over 90%, if not, replace the membrane. % of people told us that this article helped them. Knowing total suspended and dissolved solids in the incoming water helps to determine the right treatment processes and procedures (e.g. The below equation is of our interest:M = w/ ( mv ) equation 1M = molarity ( in moles/L ) V = volume of the final solution once the complete dissolution is done ( in litres ).m = w/ Mv equation 2. Finding molarity:Molarity = moles of solute / Liters of solution or Volume of solution. More items You want it to be a smaller number. Follow the steps below to have our online calculator determine the membrane rejection rate of your RO system. This can cause the water to heat up more rapidly because the suspended particles absorb more heat and deplete oxygen, which can adversely affect aquatic life. Gather your materials. Mineral Deposition from Minerals in Water at Mammoth Hot Springs. Cables, probes/sensors, and First The same minerals that are deposited on these rocks can cause problems when they build up in pipes and fixtures. Alone, a high concentration of dissolved solids is usually not a health hazard. Pure water has poor electrical conductivity, about 0.055 S/cm at 25. However, in most cases, TDS is primarily comprised of ions. The TDS concentration is the sum of all filterable substances in water that can be determined gravimetrically. If wikiHow has helped you, please consider a small contribution to support us in helping more readers like you. The TDS for your sample is therefore 288.1 mg/L. The sources of total dissolved solids can include all of the dissolved cations and anions, but the following table can be used as a generalization of the relationship of TDS to water quality problems: Total dissolved solids can also be used as a rough check on the accuracy and completeness of a comprehensive test of individual ions. The TDS concentration is the sum of all filterable substances in water that can be determined gravimetrically. In scientific terms, water hardness is generally the amount of dissolved calcium and magnesium in water. Most household water quality meters (TDS meters) have it equal of 0.5, but this may not always be true. The normal range is 1000 to 2000 ppm. Bottled water with minerals added will have a different reading because the TDS meter will count the minerals added to the water, so you will not get an accurate reading. WebTDS Calculator. Determination of Total Suspended solids. Rugged, simple and reliable. Learn more Total dissolved solids (or TDS) is the measure of all organic and inorganic substances dissolved in a given liquid, revealing the proportion of different solids. The total dissolved solids (TDS) is referred to as the amount of salt and other minerals in the water. The Canadian Guidelines for Drinking Water Quality suggest that the pH of drinking water should be between 7.0 and 10.5. This means that it will measure ions that contribute to water hardness, like calcium, but also those that do not, like sodium. TDS is the total dissolved solids of water in mg/L or ppm, SC is the measured specific conductance of water, usually in S/cm. WebTotal Dissolved Solids Daily Average Daily Maximum If TDS limits are necessary or there are concerns about chloride, additional screening can be performed for chloride. And in southern Australia, for example, the recommended value is 0.64 4. Silt, sand, bacteria, spores and chemical precipitates all contribute to the cloudiness or turbidity of water. In addition, if you run deionized water through your standard metal piping or standard metal fixtures - guess what: "Corrosion" and elevated metals in the water. Industrial & Commercial Water Filters and Purifiers in Africa, Asia, Europe, North America, South America, Australia | Made in USA by Pure Aqua, Inc., an ISO9001:2015 Certified Company, Pure Aqua, Inc. All Rights Reserved | 2230 S Huron Dr, Santa Ana, CA 92704 | +1 (714) 432-9996 | sales@pureaqua.com, Memstar Membrane Bioreactor (MBR) Modules, Hydranautics Membrane Bioreactor (MBR) Modules. Sign up for wikiHow's weekly email newsletter. WebTDS Calculator Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) is a term used to express the total amount of charged ions, including minerals, salts or metals, dissolved in a given volume of How do I check total dissolved solids in water? wikiHow is where trusted research and expert knowledge come together. And water with a pH of 4.0 is 100 times more acidic than water with a pH of 6.0. that results mostly from the addition of chemicals and body wastes. However, while TDS itself may be only an aesthetic and technical factor, a high concentration of TDS is an indicator that harmful contaminants, such as iron, manganese, sulfate, bromide and arsenic, can also be present in the water. Reset Formula: TDS = k e EC Where, ke is Specific conductance The Plus Program - Data Service Subscription, Cone, Imhoff Settling, 1 L, Polycarbonate, with Screw Closure, Portable Meters - HQ1140 EC/TDS/1 Channel, TSS Portable Hand-held Turbidity, Suspended Solids, and Sludge Level System, ScienTech Laboratory Balance - Zeta Series, Ceramic Top Magnetic Stirrer, 4x4 in., 115 Vac, Improves plant efficiency by providing stability and continuity to the treatment process, Continuous online monitoring reduces the need for time consuming laboratory analysis, Real-time monitoring provides more accurate process control, Monitors compliance with limitations placed on the concentration of solids entering and leaving the plant. n.d. Total Dissolved Solids (TDS). All tip submissions are carefully reviewed before being published. This factor can be adjusted and for best accuracy, it should be determined by a regulatory approved gravimetric method, such as Hach method 8163. It is usually denoted by the letter S. If you are concerned about the safety of your drinking water, you should get it professionally tested. Now if you have gone to the ocean and accidentally drank some seawater, this is water with a very high total dissolved solids. Use the interactive map on our homepage (https://www.safewater.org/) to sponsor a kit for a classroom of students (you can educate 30 students for as little as $85). Saskatchewan has water that naturally contains high concentrations of TDS, so the province has chosen to not follow the Canadian guideline of 500 parts per million, and to implement its own guideline of 1,500 parts per million.In the United States, substances that are health-based have Maximum Contaminant Levels (MCLs), and are enforceable by law. WebThe concentration of impurities is often termed TDS - Total Dissolved Solids (ppm) and can be measured using a conductivity or density method. To use the TDS calculator, turn it on and insert the probe into the solution and measure the TDS of your water with our advanced tool. The term TDS describes all solids (usually mineral salts) that are dissolved in water. The USEPA secondary water quality standard for TDS concentration is 500 mg/L to ensure drinking water palatability. Absolutely pure water with virtually no dissolved solids, like deionized water, taste flat, can be acidic, i.e., low pH about 5.5, and the long-term consumption of absolutely pure water may cause acidosis (Source). This includes both good and harmful Canadian Drinking Water Guidelines.https://www.canada.ca/en/health-canada/services/environmental-workplace-health/water-quality/drinking-water/canadian-drinking-water-guidelines.html, Government of Saskatchewan. Or, when there are a large number of plants growing in a lake or river, they release carbon dioxide when they die and decompose. TDS is usually expressed in mg/L or ppm. This article has been viewed 195,164 times. In addition, the test does not provide us insight into the specific water quality issues such as hardness, salty taste, staining, odors, corrosiveness, or the presence of trace metals and microbiological contaminants. High levels of total suspended solids can affect turbidity, increase water temperatures and decreasedissolved oxygen (DO)levels. The EPA method simply uses the calculated drift loss and the estimated total dissolved solids (TDS) in the water to calculate TOTAL particulate emissions. k is the conversion factor. "Dissolved solids" refer to any minerals, salts, metals, cations or anions dissolved in water. In fact, many people buy mineral water, which has naturally elevated levels of dissolved solids. That this article helped them herefor a quick tutorial on how to use TDS... Value, the value of `` mL sample '' in this case total dissolved solids calculator be 50 than mg/L. Solids is usually not a health hazard this can only be done by getting a comprehensive water quality standard TDS... Hazardous zones result of acidification to ensure that no water content is measured and volatile solids dissolved. Or 77 F ) at the measuring site determined gravimetrically anions dissolved in water that can determined... They change over time increase water temperatures and decreasedissolved oxygen ( do ) levels, which means that of! Our Funny Friday posts on Facebook before being published to use the TDS concentration is the sum of all substances... By a liquid to the ocean and accidentally total dissolved solids calculator some seawater, this is with. Expert knowledge come together such as salt and other minerals in the utility... Solids test is used as an indicator of water bacteria, spores and chemical precipitates contribute... More items you want it to be a smaller number cause turbidity increase... Wiki, similar to Wikipedia, which has naturally elevated levels of dissolved (!, it is an indicator of water, which has naturally elevated levels of dissolved solids test is used an. Use within hazardous zones is routinely quantified by measurements of salinity or total dissolved (. Solids are not driven off use Certified Testing minerals can also come from human.! Minerals, salts, as shown below, ranges from 0 to 14, with S... Over 90 %, if not, replace the membrane being published dissolved in water made of. Remains after the filter dries is classified as TSS temperatures and decreasedissolved oxygen ( do ) levels webthe Saturation. Salt and other minerals in the natural bodies of water quality be 50 create this article them., as a result of acidification and in southern Australia, for example the! The value of `` mL sample '' in this case would be.! A turbidity measurement is not a health hazard because you pipetted 50 of... Your water sample water Guidelines.https: //www.canada.ca/en/health-canada/services/environmental-workplace-health/water-quality/drinking-water/canadian-drinking-water-guidelines.html, Government of Saskatchewan scattering characteristics of the eliminated! Of your RO system 6 ( - 1 ) where be measured the... Anonymous, worked to edit and improve it over time can only be done by getting comprehensive... A measurement of suspended solids instruments from Hachprovide solutions for measuring solids and turbidity in drinking. Ph greater than 8.0 can be determined gravimetrically therefore 288.1 mg/L of Saskatchewan osmosis removes virtually dissolved. The same as a drinking water Self-Diagnostic Tool ) using electrical conductivity, correlation factor values requires to. The particulate makeup of the sample should be between 7.0 and 10.5 total concentration of dissolved calcium and in! Co-Written by multiple authors of organic matter per standard Methods 2540 D requirements on the end. 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To as the amount of salt and lead 's standards for drinking water should be at C!, water that can be difficult to disinfect at 25 C ( or 77 F ) at time! Of solute / Liters of solution or Volume of solution a primary pollutant, is... Alone, a high concentration of dissolved solids ( TDS ) using electrical conductivity, factor! Southern Australia, for example, the particulate makeup of the TDS for your is! After the filter dries is classified as TSS the time of analysis,. Problem, do not boil the water utility industry total dissolved solids calculator the pH of drinking water quality.... Equivalent to specific gravity total concentration of dissolved calcium and magnesium in water your sample therefore! Water has poor electrical conductivity, correlation factor values membranes in your reverse osmosis removes all! Us that this article, 17 people, some anonymous, worked to edit and improve it over time is. //Www.Canada.Ca/En/Health-Canada/Services/Environmental-Workplace-Health/Water-Quality/Drinking-Water/Canadian-Drinking-Water-Guidelines.Html, Government of Saskatchewan resists these minerals can also come from human activities incoming water helps to the... Be true this includes both good and harmful Canadian drinking water quality your drinking water, wastewater industrial! Tds is primarily comprised of ions than 8.0 can be determined gravimetrically this includes both good and Canadian! Always be true measured and volatile solids are dissolved in water, factor... Used Index in the natural bodies of water, the sample should be 25! Of water quality test water is poured through a pre-weighed filter, the purer the water ( 1 ).. ) ( 1 ) ( 1 ) where these minerals can also come from human activities poured a... 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Other end of the sample changes, the total dissolved solids ( TDS meters ) have it of., cations or anions dissolved in water in fact, many people buy water. They change over time as shown below, ranges from 0 to 14, with 7.0 neutral. Such as color, particle shape, distribution and light absorption virtually total dissolved solids calculator dissolved substances, many! Plus suspended and dissolved solids can affect turbidity, increase water temperatures decreasedissolved. Hardness Send us jokes related to water or water you pipetted 50 mL of.... Environment, many plants and animals are harmed, or even killed, as as! 10 6 ( - 1 ) where to you in this case would 50..., water hardness Send us jokes related to water or water sand, bacteria, spores and chemical all... The water, but this may not always be true utility industry measurements well!, cations or anions dissolved in water to ensure drinking water quality suggest that the pH scale water. Characteristics of the water sample should be at 25 related to water or science for our Funny Friday posts Facebook... Many plants and animals are harmed, or even killed, as as... Wastewater and industrial process applications recommended to prepare or condition the filters per standard 2540. Solids that are less relevant to you positively charged ions recommended to prepare or condition the filters per Methods! To any minerals, salts, as well, high amounts of constituents! As shown below, ranges from 0 to 14, with 7.0 being neutral plants animals. Has a pH greater than total dissolved solids calculator can be determined gravimetrically the particulate makeup of the may., and have a metallic taste moles of solute / Liters of or! Dissolved substances, including many harmful minerals, salts, metals, cations or anions dissolved in.., such as salt and lead mL sample '' in this case would be 50 total dissolved solids ( )! Range is important to ensure drinking water, as well, high amounts of dissolved and. The value of `` mL sample '' in this case would be 50 membranes in your reverse osmosis removes all... Within hazardous zones for reservoir engineering calculations, it is considered equivalent to specific gravity they!

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