Per OSHA 1910.28, railings installed 60 days before April 10, 1990, can be grandfathered into OSHA compliance at a minimum of 36 inches in height from the working-walking surface. The first shows the walking-working surface, posts, and mid rail for guard system. OSHA Railing requirements for Standard Railing (noted as "Guard" in building codes) : 42 inch minimum height Required if 48 inches or greater drop from walking surface top rail, intermediate rail and posts Intermediate rail at "about halfway up" Must have a toe board OSHA Railing requirements for Stair Railing: Handrails and stair rail systems are smooth-surfaced to protect employees from injury, such as punctures or lacerations, and to prevent catching or snagging of clothing. Ship, spiral, and alternating tread-type stairs are not considered standard stairs. The second shows a different guard rail system with several more posts, Top Rail, and intermediate vertical member. Stair rail or stair rail systemmeans a barrier erected along the exposed or open side of stairways to prevent employees from falling to a lower level. Turner Construction Company Assuming the reliability of the statements made regarding the guardrail system and when installed as indicated in the photograph you provided, it appears that the 6" spacing of posts in between sections of the freestanding modular guardrail system does not violate an OSHA standard. JavaScript seems to be disabled in your browser. This is in response to your letter of June 20, 2003, to the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) concerning requirements in the steel erection standard regarding perimeter columns and perimeter safety cables. 28 abril, 2022. Our team will help your railings meet the relevant local and national codes, regulations, and best practices. This load should be of equal or greater weight than loads expected in use. OSHA's requirements for guardrail can be found on the OSHA website. Current ErectaStep tread depth (i.e. Learn the Differences Between IBC and OSHA Stairs? ErectaStep's Full Line of Prefabricated Metal Stairs. The posts to be angle iron of at least 2-inch by 2-inch by 1/4-inch stock, the spacing not to exceed 8 feet. Note that our enforcement guidance may be affected by changes to OSHA rules. The standard does not set forth any specifications for the design and construction of the -inch wire rope. OSHA addresses stacks of items, including pallets, in standard 1910.176 (b), which states that "storage of material shall not create a hazard," and that "bags, containers, bundles, etc., stored in tiers shall be stacked, blocked, interlocked, and limited in height so that they are stable and secure against sliding or collapse.". Department of Labor and Industry If the items are piled higher than the midrail, the employer also must install paneling or screening to the top rail and for a length that is sufficient to protect employees below; and. The material must be durable, the top rail and the midrail must be at least 1/4 inch (.6 cm) in diameter. A safety railing of -inch wire rope. RAILINGS open-sided stairs < 44" require 1 stair rail/side; open-sided stairs > 44" require 1 stair rail and 1 separate handrail/side. 205 North Fourth Street OSHA requirements are set by statute, standards and regulations. Return to index . Response: No; OSHA's construction standards related to guardrail systems (Subpart M - Fall Protection, specifically 29 CFR 1926.502) do not directly address the spacing of posts in between sections of a freestanding modular guardrail system. The employer must ensure each warning line: Has a minimum breaking strength of 200 pounds (0.89 kN); Is installed so its lowest point, including sag, is not less than 34 inches (86 cm) and not more than 39 inches (99 cm) above the walking-working surface; Is supported in such a manner that pulling on one section of the line will not result in slack being taken up in adjacent sections causing the line to fall below the limits specified in paragraph (d)(2)(ii) of this section; Is clearly visible from a distance of 25 feet (7.6 m) away, and anywhere within the designated area; Is erected as close to the work area as the task permits; and. In addition to paragraph (b) of this section, the employer must ensure ship stairs (see Figure D-9 of this section): Are installed at a slope of 50 to 70 degrees from the horizontal; Have open risers with a vertical rise between tread surfaces of 6.5 to 12 inches (17 to 30 cm); 1910.25(e)(3) Have minimum tread depth of 4 inches (10 cm); and. Safety Director Toeboards must be 3.5 inches high and have no gap greater than 1/4 inch between the toeboard and the walking surface and must withstand a 50 lb force downward or outward. 1910.25(b)(3) Stairs have uniform riser heights and tread depths between landings; 1910.25(b)(4) Stairway landings and platforms are at least the width of the stair and at least 30 inches (76 cm) in depth, as measured in the direction of travel; 1910.25(b)(5) When a door or a gate opens directly on a stairway, a platform is provided, and the swing of the door or gate does not reduce the platforms effective usable depth to: 1910.25(b)(5)(i) Less than 20 inches (51 cm) for platforms installed before January 17, 2017; and. Thats why weve compiled this guide to OSHA stair requirements. To keep apprised of such developments, you can consult OSHA's website at https://www.osha.gov. The employers must ensure toeboards used for falling object protection: Are erected along the exposed edge of the overhead walking-working surface for a length that is sufficient to protect employees below. Therefore, it does not require perimeter safety cables on the roof level. 1926.500, Guardrails, handrails & guards. We will also help catch any holes in your plan to ensure you install a safe and compliant system that does not leave your workers exposed to unnecessary risk. Cable guardrails are commonly seen on construction projects. This could add additional hazards to the working area. The ladder should be placed 7 IN (18 CM) Min on Center and 15 IN (38 CM) MIN from either left or right side with a total space of 27 IN-30 IN (69 CM-76 CM) for well opening, Figure D-15 -- Example of General Construction of Cages. Similarly, OSHA's general industry standards related to guardrail systems (Subpart D Walking-Working Surfaces, specifically 29 CFR 1910.23) do not directly address the spacing of posts in between sections of a freestanding modular guardrail system. Answer: The response to this question is a qualified yes. The questions and responses to them are as follows: 1) safety railing must be -inch in diameter (a plastic coating could be used to bring the diameter up to -inch). Wire rope and/or cable as a method of perimeter protection for a building under construction. Gabe Mariani is a railroader who has been writing for school and for pleasure for over 15 years. The height of stair rail systems installed on or after January 17, 2017 is not less than 42 inches (107 cm) from the leading edge of the stair tread to the top surface of the top rail. Handrails are not less than 30 inches (76 cm) and not more than 38 inches (97 cm), as measured from the leading edge of the stair tread to the top surface of the handrail (see Figure D-12 of this section). Railings should be able to support a force of at least 200 lb (890 N) in any direction, downward or outward, without failing, to be OSHA compliant according to code 1920.29. There is at least one 3/16-inch aircraft cable (Galvanized and tinned aircraft cord and strand Construction 1x19 - Nominal Breaking Strength 4700 pounds) that has a greater nominal breaking strength than does at least one type of -inch wire rope (Iron Galvanized Running Rope - Construction 6x12 - Nominal Breaking Strength 4560 pounds). August 26, 2003 The tensioning device shall have a breaking strength of not less than 10,000 pounds. Specific OSHA stair requirements including riser height, tread depth, tread nosing, and stair landings are available in this post: OSHA Compliant Stairs: ErectaSteps Industrial and Commercial Stairs. [Correction 6/20/2005. The third is Hoop and See. Also, from time to time we update our guidance in response to new information. To keep apprised of such developments, you can consult OSHA's website at https://www.osha.gov. The fifth is Basked Guard Hoop showing Angle from Ladder. Philadelphia, PA 19146-3639. The design and installation of mountings and cable guides does not reduce the design strength of the ladder; and. The chain or cable shall be equipped with flagging or some other means of increasing their visibility. These toeboards shall be secured in place as required by the Standards. or the cable horizontal span is too great, if the intermediate posts spaced too far apart (more than 42" of horizontal distance o.c. [59 FR 40743, Aug. 9, 1994; 60 FR 5131, Jan. 26, 1995], Occupational Safety & Health Administration, Guardrail Systems - Non-Mandatory Guidelines for Complying with 1926.502(b), Occupational Safety and Health Administration, Outreach Training Program (10- and 30-hour Cards), OSHA Training Institute Education Centers, Severe Storm and Flood Recovery Assistance, 1926 Subpart M App B - Guardrail Systems - Non-Mandatory Guidelines for Complying with 1926.502(b). Occupational Safety and Health Administration, Outreach Training Program (10- and 30-hour Cards), OSHA Training Institute Education Centers, Severe Storm and Flood Recovery Assistance. Dan Kane Territory Safety Coordinator Winding stairways may be used on tanks and similar round structures when the diameter of the tank or structure is at least 5 feet (1.5 m). Prefabricated Metal Stairs, Easy to Assemble and Ready to Ship. In addition to paragraph (b) of this section, the employer must ensure standard stairs: Are installed at angles between 30 to 50 degrees from the horizontal; Have a maximum riser height of 9.5 inches (24 cm); Have a minimum tread depth of 9.5 inches (24 cm); and. Ladderway floor openings are specifically mentioned. Grab handles. You must have JavaScript enabled in your browser to utilize the functionality of this website. Steel banding and plastic banding are not used for top rails or midrails. 1910.29(k)(1) - A standard toeboard shall be 3 1/2 inches in vertical height from the top edge to the bottom level of the floor, platform, runway, or ramp. John B. Connection of top rail to post. Your Posts Must Be Tall Enough for Your Application Most state and local codes require railing posts to be 36 inches tall for residential applications. The minimum clearance between handrails and any other object is 2.25 inches (5.7 cm). These anchors shall be of sufficient strength to support the imposed loads without deflection. Midrails, screens, mesh, intermediate vertical members, solid panels, or equivalent intermediate members are installed between the walking-working surface and the top edge of the guardrail system as follows when there is not a wall or parapet that is at least 21 inches (53 cm) high: Midrails are installed at a height midway between the top edge of the guardrail system and the walking-working surface; Screens and mesh extend from the walking-working surface to the top rail and along the entire opening between top rail supports; Intermediate vertical members (such as balusters) are installed no more than 19 inches (48 cm) apart; and. Spaces between each post and intermediate vertical member is 19 IN (48 CM) MAX. Each ladder safety system allows the employee to climb up and down using both hands and does not require that the employee continuously hold, push, or pull any part of the system while climbing; The connection between the carrier or lifeline and the point of attachment to the body harness or belt does not exceed 9 inches (23 cm); Mountings for rigid carriers are attached at each end of the carrier, with intermediate mountings spaced, as necessary, along the entire length of the carrier so the system has the strength to stop employee falls; Mountings for flexible carriers are attached at each end of the carrier and cable guides for flexible carriers are installed at least 25 feet (7.6 m) apart but not more than 40 feet (12.2 m) apart along the entire length of the carrier; The design and installation of mountings and cable guides does not reduce the design strength of the ladder; and. It is most likely to apply to handrail along a re exit or re stairs but is not applied in all instances (e.g. When guardrail systems are used at hoist areas, a removable guardrail section, consisting of a top rail and midrail, are placed across the access opening between guardrail sections when employees are not performing hoisting operations. To keep apprised of such developments, you can consult OSHA's website at https://www.osha.gov. Safety Tips for Cable Guardrails on Construction Sites, Construction Motor Vehicles: How to Stay DOT Compliant, The top cable is 42 +/- 3 in height from the walking surface, The middle cable is approximately 21 in height from the walking surface, The cable system must be capable of withstanding, without failure, a force of at least 200 lbs. The employer must ensure each cover for a hole in a walking-working surface: Handrails and stair rail systems. Ladder rungs, steps, and cleats are spaced not less than, (25 cm) and not more than 14 inches (36 cm) apart, as measured between the centerlines of the rungs, cleats, and steps, Have a minimum width of 22 inches (56 cm) between vertical barriers. Our interpretation letters explain these requirements and how they apply to particular circumstances, but they cannot create additional employer obligations. The top rail of the stair rail system meets the other handrail requirements in paragraph (f) of this section. You can also contact us by mail at the above office, Room N3468, 200 Constitution Avenue, N.W., Washington, D.C. 20210, although there will be a delay in our receiving correspondence by mail. 1910.25(b)(4). Guardrail systems. Question: Under 1926.756(e)(1), perimeter columns are required to extend at least 48 inches above the finished floor. Rigging crews hook cable systems (simple, high-lead, shotgun, skyline, etc.) Do not have more than a 0.25-inch (0.5-cm) clearance or opening above the walking-working surface. This Appendix serves as a non-mandatory guideline to assist employers in complying with these requirements. Talk to an Expert Thank you for your September 12, 2012, email to the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Directorate of Construction. Also, from time to time we update our guidance in response to new information. This paragraph (h) applies only to employers engaged in outdoor advertising operations (see 1910.28(b)(10)). The criteria and practices requirements for guardrail systems on scaffolds are contained in 29 CFR part 1926, subpart L. Figure D-11 -- Guard Rail Systems. Knoxville, Tennessee 37914 We're committed to providing you with the best customer service in the industry. Our interpretation letters explain these requirements and how they apply to particular circumstances, but they cannot create additional employer obligations. Troy Russell The most common issues observed while performing safety audits on cable guardrails include: Excessive Deflection or Sagging incorporate turnbuckles to allow for easy tightening of the cable. OSHA requirements are set by statute, standards and regulations. Employers must ensure that each employee who climbs a fixed ladder without fall protection: Ladder safety systems. For more ways to minimize risk on the job sitecontact a member of our construction safety team. He holds his Construction Health & Safety Technician and Certified Safety Professional designations. It should be securely fastened in place and with not more than 1/4-inch clearance above floor level. When guardrail systems are used around holes, they are installed on all unprotected sides or edges of the hole. Note to paragraph (g): Are solid or do not have any opening that exceeds 1 inch (3 cm) at its greatest dimension. Next, check and use torque wrench to retighten nuts to recommended torque. Are capable of withstanding, without failure, a force of at least 50 pounds (222 N) applied in any downward or outward direction at any point along the toeboard. As an employer, it is your responsibility to ensure all workers have adequate fall protection and falling object protection including handrails, stair rail systems, and guardrail systems according to OSHA standard 1910.28. However, fall protection, whether accomplished by guardrails, nets, personal fall arrest systems, etc., is nonetheless required on the roof level at fall heights over 15 feet (with certain exceptions) pursuant to the requirements of 1926.760(a)(1). Mr. William Dillon Our interpretation letters explain these requirements and how they apply to particular circumstances, but they cannot create additional employer obligations. Typically, cable guardrails are erected by ironworkers at the final interior and exterior perimeters of floors upon completion of installing the deck. Spacing of the posts in between modular guardrail system sections. The fourth is the cross section of a Basket Guard Hoop showing Bar measurments. It is a common misconception that the worker is safe and in compliance as long as a distance of 6 ft is maintained from an unprotected edge. The second is side-step Ladder, Access lateral from Ladder. Runways have the same requirements for guardrails with one exception: If work conditions or specialized use of the runway requires one side remain unguarded, no railing is needed provided the runway is more than 18 inches wide. Figure D-13 - Combination Handrail and Stair Rail. To assure that you are using the correct information and guidance, please consult OSHA's website at http://www.osha.gov. Minimal or No Flagging apply high-visibility duct tape (yellow or orange) to the cable at a minimum of 6 intervals. There can be a lot of rules to follow, but knowing and understanding them is crucial to workplace safety.Here are 4 crucial steps to ensure safety at your job site and avoid OSHA citations. However, fall protection, whether accomplished by guardrails, nets, personal fall arrest systems, etc., is nonetheless required on the roof level at fall heights over 15 feet (with certain exceptions) pursuant to the requirements of 1926.760(a)(1). Perimeter safety cables. Note that our enforcement guidance may be affected by changes to OSHA rules. Find out more about the general requirements for toeboard, when is it required? for Federal/State Programs. James G. Maddux, Director OSHS doesn't specify the length, it just has to be a sufficient length to protect the employees. Midrails, screens, mesh, intermediate vertical members, solid panels, and other equivalent intermediate members are capable of withstanding, without failure, a force of at least 150 pounds (667 N) applied in any downward or outward direction at any point along the intermediate member. Answer: The response is a qualified yes. Visit our construction focused solutions at. Thank you for your interest in occupational safety and health. Dear Mr. Dillon: HEIGHT CLEARANCE minimum 6'6" clearance from nose of tread . System Not Properly Terminated common issues include wire rope clips installed backwards, not enough wire rope clips, and the cables are improperly spliced. Toeboards are required whenever there is a possibility of objects falling to a lower level and injuring workers below. ADA Photos & Videos Browse our gallery of ADA compliant handrails to gain inspiration and ideas for your own ADA projects. Have a minimum vertical height of 3.5 inches (9 cm) as measured from the top edge of the toeboard to the level of the walking-working surface. Spiral stairs. Is erected not less than 6 feet (1.8 m) from the roof edge for work that is both temporary and infrequent, or not less than 15 feet (4.6 m) for other work. Cable shall be not less than 3/8 inch mild plow steel. Provide and install all fall protection systems and falling object protection this subpart requires, and comply with the other requirements in this subpart before any employee begins work that necessitates fall or falling object protection. OSHA does not require railing to be mounted to a supporting structure. Occupational Safety & Health Administration, Occupational Safety and Health Administration, Outreach Training Program (10- and 30-hour Cards), OSHA Training Institute Education Centers, Severe Storm and Flood Recovery Assistance, OSHA - ARA's Federal/State Operations - Technical Support. applied within 2 of the top edge in an outward or downward direction, When tested in a downward direction, the cable must not deflect to a height of less than 39 from the walking surface, The cable must be at least in diameter, Flagging must be present at a minimum of 6 intervals with high-visibility material, Must have a smooth surface so an employee does not sustain a puncture, laceration, or possibly snag their clothing, The system is properly spliced or terminated at walls, columns and posts. The height of stair rail systems meets the following: (76 cm) from the leading edge of the stair tread to the top surface of the top rail; and, SafeRack / ErectaStep / PerfectaStep / RollaStep, ErectaStep also has a line of commercial stairs. General Physical Conditions and Structures Orders Article 2. The use of wire ropes as top rails and intermediate rails of guardrail systems used for perimeter protection or for guardrails used on scaffolding meeting the equivalent requirements of 29 CFR 1926.500(d)(1) and 29 CFR 1926.451(a)(5) is acceptable provided it meets the following guidelines: (1) Wire rope shall be secured to each support and taut at all times. Requirements for perimeter columns and perimeter safety cables in the Steel Erection standard. Handrails and stair rail systems are smooth-surfaced to protect employees from injury, such as punctures or lacerations, and to prevent catching or snagging of clothing. 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